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Here’s a Guide to Identifying Voting-Related Fraud

Type of Accusation

Registration fraud
Violations of the voter-registration process, typically occurring when people are paid to get registrations; they invent names to get paid more.

Vote buying
A candidate or campaign worker pays individuals money or provides services in exchange for votes.

Absentee ballot fraud
Election fraud occurring when a corrupt campaign gains control of voters’ absentee ballots and fills them out to its candidate’s benefit.

Falsification of election counts
Election officials or others who have access to ballots, falsify the count and election results.

Campaign fraud
Procedural violations of election laws involving matters like campaign finance, qualifying for office, gathering nominating petition signatures, etc.

Casting an ineligible vote
Individuals whose ballots are ineligible because they aren’t registered, or are voting outside their home precinct, or other reasons.

Felon casting an ineligible vote
Felons voting in states where they are ineligible.

Noncitizen casting ineligible vote
Noncitizens who vote.

Double voting
Individuals who vote more than once in the same election, often by absentee ballot and then in person.

Voter impersonation fraud
Individuals who vote in person on Election Day by impersonating another registered voter.

Intimidation
Individuals, typically associated with a particular campaign, coercing voters to cast ballots a certain way.

Petition fraud
Similar to registration fraud, these cases typically involve people paid to gather petition signatures who instead make up names and forge signatures to be paid more.

Other
Accusations that do not fall into any of the other categories, such as making false statements on campaign literature.

Unknown
Cases for which News21 did not receive adequate information from state officials or news media accounts to be able to categorize the type of accusation.

Type of accused

Voter
Ordinary individual.

Election official
Government worker who organizes elections and counts the votes.

Campaign official
Political candidate or campaign worker, including unofficial supporters such as relatives.

Third-party organization
Group that seeks to register voters or get signatures for a cause, typically by hiring workers who are paid according to the number of registrations or signatures they get.

Unknown
Cases for which News21 did not receive sufficient information from state officials or media to categorize the type of accused.

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